on your mark

Product Safety and the Pandemic

By Erin Earley
Considerations for Your Warnings and Instructions in the COVID-19 Landscape
T

he pandemic has brought many changes in the way we do business. For equipment manufacturers, that may equate to big picture shifts related to your supply chain, vendors, and production. At the time of writing, COVID-19 continues to surge; even once the virus is better contained, though, its impact in areas like those will likely have a lingering effect for some time to come. Here, let’s explore key considerations to keep in mind for your product safety strategy, warnings, and instructions.

Our COVID-19 World and Product Manufacturing
Safety and risk reduction is a key component of pandemic business continuity plans.

“Over the past months, a common trend we’ve seen with product manufacturers is the need to reevaluate their supply chains to ensure they’re well-positioned to continue business despite hurdles with the current environment – everything from vendor shutdowns to issues with fulfilling orders,” says Angela Lambert, who consults with product safety teams on a regular basis through her role heading standards compliance at Clarion Safety Systems.

When changes occur to global supply chains and production capabilities it may, in turn, bring shifts to your product safety strategy, including warnings and instructions. That can range from evaluating the quality and on-time delivery of new vendors, or on a wider level, the actual warnings and instructions used, based on shifts to your audience.

Key Considerations for Label Formats and Symbol Use
When it comes specifically to keeping your warnings and instructions up to date with the times, one initial benchmark is to look at your product’s intended audience to see if any recent changes have occurred. The intended audience is made up of those who should be warned because they may come into contact with potential hazards during any phase of the equipment or machinery’s lifecycle.

“Pay special consideration to their location and any changes from that standpoint,” says Lambert, who is also involved at the leadership level in the development of the ANSI and ISO standards for product safety, including as the chair of ANSI Z535.1 Safety Colors. “Depending on whether your audience is primarily U.S. or internationally-based will help you to decide if your focus is on adhering to the ANSI or ISO product safety label standards.”

That’s because these two main standards for product safety label and symbol choice are based on audience location: the ANSI Z535.4 Standard for Product Safety Signs and Labels is for domestic use while ISO 3864–2 Graphical symbols – Safety colours and safety signs – Part 2: Design principles for product safety labels is for international use.

You have several main choices to be aware of, contingent on whether your products are shipped and used within the U.S. or internationally – and whether you choose to focus on the ANSI or ISO standards:

  • Use of internationally-recognized symbols: While ANSI doesn’t mandate symbol use, symbols are highly encouraged. Follow best practice by using ISO 7010 symbols – or ones created with ISO design principles. The ISO 7010 standards establish one consistent, worldwide library of symbols – continuously refreshed.
  • Use of the right safety alert symbol: On your hazard alerting labels, per ANSI Z535.4, you have the option to use several different types of safety alert symbols. See Figure 1. Versions D and E are provided to allow for consistency with ISO standards; one of these two versions is needed to align with both the ANSI and ISO standards.
  • Use of at least one symbol within an ISO colored surround shape: If your goal is to comply with the ISO standards, an ISO-formatted surround shape must be used around at least one safety symbol in your warning (keep in mind that excludes the safety alert symbol). See Figure 2. Symbols without an ISO colored surround shape can be used in addition to one or more ISO formatted symbols (called a “supplementary safety symbol” by ISO).
Safety symbol scale labeled from A to E
Figure 1: Safety alert symbol variations listed in ANSI Z535.4.
Three examples of label formats that fail to comply and comply with standards
Figure 2: Examples of label formats that fail to comply (top) and comply (middle and bottom) with ISO 3864-2:2016. Per the standard, labels must use at least one ISO-formatted safety symbol in addition to the safety alert symbol in the label’s severity level panel.
Effective Safety Labeling: An Ongoing Decision-making Process
Our world, and our individual businesses, will continue to be shaped and forced to evolve in light of the pandemic. One constant when it comes to labeling is that thoughtful decisions need to be made concerning how to warn effectively. That includes reevaluating your product safety strategy on a continuous basis, performing routine risk assessments (fundamental for product safety and warnings), and designing your labels to meet identified needs using standards-based best practices. With those areas prioritized, you’re on the right path to doing everything possible so people can take the steps necessary to avoid harm.
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Erin Earley, head of communications at Clarion Safety Systems, shares her company’s passion for safer products and workplaces. She’s written extensively about best practices for product safety labels and facility safety signs. Clarion is a member of the ANSI Z535 Committee for Safety Signs and Colors, the U.S. ANSI TAG to ISO/TC 145, and the U.S. ANSI TAG to ISO 45001. Erin can be reached at eearley@clarionsafety.com.
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