Lithium-Ion Batteries
2.5D/3D Integration Challenges: Bare Die Testing
ISSN 1948-8254 (print)
ISSN 1948-8262 (online)
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According to an article posted to the website of the ARRL, the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has now issued call sign KM7HFU to Reynaldo Mangual, who lives in Pinal County, Arizona. Mangual is a member of the Pinal County 4-H Amateur Radio Club and is now…
ithium-ion batteries have become so common that they are easy to take for granted. They power phones, laptops, tools, e-bikes, and electric vehicles, and are associated with convenience and portability. That familiarity makes it easy to overlook the amount of energy these batteries store and how quickly that energy can be released when something goes wrong.
he behavior of an alternating current (AC) system impacts the sizing of the battery, and this will result in an undersized battery. If this behavior isn’t properly modeled, it can lead to higher heat generation in electrical components, and the system performance will be limited. The holistic testing approach detailed in this article uses present testing models to analyze electrical power systems, including chemical, mechanical, and electrical engineering techniques.
Under constant power loads, a battery cannot provide constant voltage, and the inverter must compensate with the only variable it can control, that is, DC current. The inverter must fulfill the voltage and current request from the load. The goal is to analyze the power flow through an electric drivetrain to evaluate how input voltage impacts the system’s performance. Our testing results indicate a new modeling approach is needed in which the battery is co-modeled with the electrical system, and the system is modeled in the power domain.



he semiconductor industry’s relentless pursuit of higher performance, smaller footprints, and greater functional density has brought 2.5D/3D heterogeneous integration firmly into the mainstream of IC manufacturing. However, along with these advancements, there are significant hurdles to be overcome, not the least of which is electrostatic discharge (ESD) challenges. Chiplets need to be evaluated for ESD robustness prior to being assembled into a 2.5D or 3D module to verify that they can survive even the low-level ESD voltages inherent in the 2.5D/3D integration process. However, particularly for the finer geometry chiplets, the industry’s existing qualification testing techniques are simply not able to measure their withstand capabilities.
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Guide
In this special issue, we highlight eight product categories and offer guidance on choosing and using the right products and services for your applications.
“The Practical Engineer”
n compliance testing, EMI absorbing materials play a pivotal role in mitigating electromagnetic interference (EMI) and ensuring the reliability of electronic devices. These materials are designed to absorb and dissipate electromagnetic energy, preventing reflection, resonance, and interference in sensitive environments. The selection of the right absorbing material is critical for achieving accurate test results and meeting regulatory standards. This guide explores key factors in choosing absorbing materials, including absorption properties, frequency range, and environmental durability, while highlighting examples such as ferrites and polyurethane foam, two of the most widely used RF absorbing materials in compliance environments.
lectromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing is a crucial process that ensures electronic devices can operate without causing or being affected by electromagnetic interference (EMI). At the heart of this testing process lies the RF amplifier, a pivotal component that enables the generation of precise electromagnetic fields required for compliance testing. This article examines the vital role of RF amplifiers in EMC testing, highlighting their importance in generating field strengths, minimizing harmonic emissions, and ensuring reliable operation during compliance tests.
ompliance testing is an essential phase in the development and certification process of electronic products. Whether evaluating electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), radio frequency (RF) performance, or signal integrity, antennas play a pivotal role in facilitating accurate and efficient testing. Selecting the right antenna for compliance testing is critical, as it ensures reliable measurement results and adherence to regulatory standards.
This practical guide explores the key factors to consider when selecting antennas for compliance testing, with examples of commonly used types, including log-periodic, dipole, and horn antennas.
lectromagnetic compatibility (EMC) test chambers are critical facilities where electronic devices are tested for their ability to function properly without emitting or being affected by electromagnetic interference (EMI). Designing an EMC test chamber requires careful consideration of several factors to ensure accurate and reliable testing. This article examines the primary design considerations for EMC test chambers, with a focus on material selection, chamber size, and configuration.
lectrochemical capacitors, commonly known as supercapacitors or ultracapacitors, are pivotal components in modern electronics, offering high energy storage capabilities and rapid charge‑discharge cycles. As their use expands in applications ranging from automotive systems to renewable energy solutions, ensuring their compliance with safety standards is increasingly critical. UL 810A, the definitive safety standard for electrochemical capacitors, serves as a benchmark for evaluating product safety and reliability. This guide explores the key aspects of UL 810A compliance, emphasizing the requirements, testing procedures, and benefits of adhering to this standard, and provides clarity on the core requirements.
lectrostatic discharge (ESD) is a pervasive challenge in the design and development of electronic products. It can cause malfunctions, data corruption, or even permanent damage to sensitive components. To mitigate these risks, engineers rely on ESD simulators during compliance testing to evaluate and enhance the immunity of their designs.
This article explores the role of ESD simulators in improving product resilience, highlights common design flaws revealed during testing, and provides actionable strategies to address these issues—key considerations for achieving ESD immunity, EMC compliance, and long‑term product reliability.
lectromagnetic interference (EMI) can disrupt the performance and functionality of electronic devices, leading to potential safety hazards and reliability issues. EMI filters are essential components that help mitigate these interferences by blocking unwanted electromagnetic noise. This article delves into real-world applications of EMI filters in consumer electronics, automotive systems, and industrial equipment, highlighting their significance and effectiveness in ensuring smooth and reliable operation.
n today’s interconnected world, compliance testing plays a vital role in ensuring the quality and reliability of products and services across industries. Accredited testing laboratories serve as a cornerstone for maintaining standards, fostering trust, and delivering consistent, accurate results. Among the global accreditation standards, ISO/IEC 17025 is the most recognized and widely implemented benchmark for testing and calibration laboratories. This article explores the importance of laboratory accreditation to standards such as ISO/IEC 17025, and explains how it enhances consistency, accuracy, and trustworthiness in compliance testing.
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